Which order includes flies and mosquitoes?

The order that includes flies and mosquitoes is indeed Diptera. This order is specifically characterized by insects that have a single pair of functional wings, which distinguishes them from other flying insects that may have two pairs of wings. Flies and mosquitoes are both part of this group and display significant diversity in lifecycle, morphology, and ecological roles.

Diptera is known for its members being often vectors for diseases, given that many mosquitoes are notorious for transmitting pathogens to humans and animals. The developmental stages of insects in this order typically include a larval stage, commonly referred to as maggots, which are adapted to various environments, adding to their ecological significance.

The other orders mentioned do not contain flies and mosquitoes. For example, Orthoptera includes grasshoppers and crickets, which have a different wing structure and are not classified under Diptera. Hymenoptera is represented by bees, wasps, and ants, which have two pairs of wings and unique social structures. Neuroptera includes lacewings and antlions, which are distinct in their wing veins and feeding habits. Thus, Diptera stands out as the correct designation for the order that encompasses flies and mosquitoes.